Mathematical Models for predicting CO2 Density and Viscosity for Enhanced Gas Recovery and Carbon Sequestration
Keywords:
Mathematical correlations, CO2 density and viscosity, Enhanced Gas Recovery, Carbon Sequestration, Equation of State, Niger Delta formations
Abstract
There is limited work on mathematical correlations in place for predicting density and viscosity of supercritical carbon-dioxide (CO2), necessary for Enhanced Gas Recovery - Carbon Sequestration (EGR-CS) operations. In this work, three categories of mathematical correlations were developed by Split Regression Analytical method and validated using Equation of State (EOS) models for predicting density and viscosity of carbon-dioxide under supercritical conditions as expected in EGR-CS operation. The models range for application is for reservoir depths of 1000-1500m, 1600-5000m and beyond 5000m for both CO2 density and viscosity, which are ideal for carbon sequestration and covers depths of most gas reservoirs in Niger-Delta. The new “UDA-Model” matched with Peng Robinson and Soave-Redlich-Kwong (EOS) models at the tested reservoir conditions, with low Absolute Average Deviation. Application of these mathematical correlations on four depleted gas reservoirs in Niger Delta formations shows Relative Density Difference (RDD) and Relative Viscosity Difference (RVD) on CO2 and natural gas. CO2 densities at those depths range from 0.5-0.6g/cm3, 0.6-0.7g/cm3, and 0.7-0.8g/cm3 respectively while the viscosities range from 0.05-0.06cP, 0.06-0.07cP, and 0.07-0.08cP respectively. The results promise smoother displacement of natural gas by CO2 during EGR-CS operations.
References
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Emujakporue, G. O., & Ekine, A. S. (2014). Determination of Geothermal Gradient in the Eastern Niger Delta Sedimentary Basin from Bottom Hole Temperatures. In Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering (Vol. 4, Issue 3). Scienpress Ltd.
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Mohammed, N., Abbas, A. J., Enyi, G. C., Edem, D. E., & Suleiman, S. M. (2020). Enhanced gas recovery by nitrogen injection: The effects of injection velocity during natural gas displacement in consolidated rocks. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103513
Mosto Onuoha, K., & Ekine, A. S. (1999). Subsurface temperature variations and heat flow in the Anambra Basin, Nigeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 28(3), 641–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(99)00036-6
Nwozor, K. K., & Onuorah, L. O. (n.d.). GEOPRESSURE ANALYSIS AND RESERVOIR FLUID DISCRIMINATION IN A CENTRAL SWAMP FIELD, NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA. www.vurup.sk/petroleum-coal
Ogbamikhumi, A., Akanzua-Adamczyk, A., & Ahiwe, L. (2017). PRESSURE ANALYSIS AND FLUID CONTACT PREDICTION FOR ALPHA RESERVOIR (A PARTIALLY APPRAISED FIELD) ONSHORE NIGER DELTA. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 36(3), 801–805. https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.20
Oldenburg, C. M., & Benson, S. M. (2002, February 10). CO2 Injection for Enhanced Gas Production and Carbon Sequestration. All Days. https://doi.org/10.2118/74367-MS
Ouyang, L.-B. (2011). New Correlations for Predicting the Density and Viscosity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Under Conditions Expected in Carbon Capture and Sequestration Operations. The Open Petroleum Engineering Journal, 5(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874834101104010013
Perez, A. G., Coquelet, C., Paricaud, P., & Chapoy, A. (2017). Comparative study of vapour-liquid equilibrium and density modelling of mixtures related to carbon capture and storage with the SRK, PR, PC-SAFT and SAFT-VR Mie equations of state for industrial uses. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 440, 19–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2017.02.018
Polishuk, I., Wisniak, J., & Segura, H. (2001). Simultaneous prediction of the critical and sub-critical phase behavior in mixtures using equation of state I. Carbon dioxide-alkanols. Chemical Engineering Science, 56(23), 6485–6510. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(01)00307-4
Rabia, H. (1985). Oilwell drilling engineering : principles and practice. London ; Gaithersburg, MD, USA : Graham & Trotman, 1985 322 p.
Regan, M. L. M. (2010). A Numerical Investigation into the Potential to Enhance Natural Gas Recovery in Water-drive Gas Reservoirs through the Injection of CO2.
Soave, G. (1972). Equilibrium constants from a modified Redlich-Kwong equation of state. Chemical Engineering Science, 27(6), 1197–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(72)80096-4
Umar, B. A., Gholami, R., Nayak, P., Shah, A. A., & Adamu, H. (2020). Regional and field assessments of potentials for geological storage of CO2: A case study of the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 77, 103195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103195
Vega, B., & Kovscek, A. R. (2010). Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in oil and gas reservoirs and use for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). In Developments and Innovation in Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture and Storage Technology (pp. 104–126). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845699581.1.104
ADEBAYO Thomas Ayotunde, B. (2013). Implication of Future Carbon Dioxide Injection on Selected Niger-Delta Reservoir Rocks and Fluids.
Agbasi, O., Alvarez, M. A., Udo, K., & Akpan, M. (2013). Estimation of Overpressures in Onshore Niger Delta Using Wire-Line Data Pore pressure predict ion from well logs: met hods, modificat ions, and new approaches Estimation of Overpressures in Onshore Niger Delta Using Wire-Line Data. In International Journal of Science and Research (Vol. 4). www.ijsr.net
Akpabio, I., Ejedawe, J., & Ebeniro, J. (n.d.). THERMAL STATE OF THE NIGER DELTA BASIN. In PROCEEDINGS, Thirty-Eighth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering.
Al-Hashami, A. . R. S. R. . & T. B. (2005, J. (n.d.). CO2 injection for enhanced gas recovery and geo-storage: reservoir simulation and economics. In SPE Europec/EAGE Annual Conference. OnePetro.Alto, CA: Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI).
Clemens, T., & Wit, K. (2002, September 29). CO2 Enhanced Gas Recovery Studied for an Example Gas Reservoir. All Days. https://doi.org/10.2118/77348-MS
Davies, O. A., Uko, E. D., Davies, O. A., Israel-Cookey, C., Uko, E. D., & Alabraba, M. A. (2020). Reservoir Capacity and Injectivity Characterization for Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Geo-Sequestration in the Niger Delta. In International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS) |: Vol. V. www.rsisinternational.org
Donald B. Robinson. (1978). The Characterization of the Heptanes and Heavier Fractions for the GPA Peng-Robinson Programs.
Emujakporue, G. O., & Ekine, A. S. (2014). Determination of Geothermal Gradient in the Eastern Niger Delta Sedimentary Basin from Bottom Hole Temperatures. In Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering (Vol. 4, Issue 3). Scienpress Ltd.
Ghanbari, M., Ahmadi, M., & Lashanizadegan, A. (2017). A comparison between Peng-Robinson and Soave-Redlich-Kwong cubic equations of state from modification perspective. Cryogenics, 84, 13–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2017.04.001
Godec, M. (2013). Assessment of Factors Influencing Effective CO<sub>2</sub> Storage Capacity and Injectivity in Eastern Gas Shales. https://doi.org/10.2172/1123817
Gou, Y., Hou, Z., Liu, H., Zhou, L., & Were, P. (2014). Numerical simulation of carbon dioxide injection for enhanced gas recovery (CO2-EGR) in Altmark natural gas field. Acta Geotechnica, 9(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-013-0221-z
Hamza, A., Hussein, I. A., Al-Marri, M. J., Mahmoud, M., Shawabkeh, R., & Aparicio, S. (2021). CO2 enhanced gas recovery and sequestration in depleted gas reservoirs: A review. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 196, 107685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107685
Hoteit, H., Fahs, M., & Soltanian, M. R. (2019). Assessment of CO2 Injectivity During Sequestration in Depleted Gas Reservoirs. Geosciences, 9(5), 199. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9050199
JE, E., & DO, O. (2018). Investigating the Subsurface Pressure Regime of Ada-field in Onshore Niger Delta Basin Nigeria. Journal of Geology & Geophysics, 07(06). https://doi.org/10.4172/2381-8719.1000452
Lawal, K. A. (2011, July 30). An Improved Estimation of the Storage Capacity of Potential Geologic Carbon-Sequestration Sites. All Days. https://doi.org/10.2118/150739-MS
Lawal, K. A., & Adenuga, A. O. (2010). Pseudo-components for Nigerian heavy oil and bitumen. Society of Petroleum Engineers - Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition 2010, NAICE, 1, 44–52. https://doi.org/10.2118/136954-ms
Leeuwenburgh, O., Neele, F., Hofstee, C., Weijermans, P.-J., de Boer, H., Oosthoek, P., Lefebvre, A., Godderij, R., & Gutierrez-Neri, M. (2014). Enhanced Gas Recovery – a Potential ‘U’ for CCUS in The Netherlands. Energy Procedia, 63, 7809–7820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.815
Mohammed, N., Abbas, A. J., Enyi, G. C., Edem, D. E., & Suleiman, S. M. (2020). Enhanced gas recovery by nitrogen injection: The effects of injection velocity during natural gas displacement in consolidated rocks. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103513
Mosto Onuoha, K., & Ekine, A. S. (1999). Subsurface temperature variations and heat flow in the Anambra Basin, Nigeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 28(3), 641–652. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(99)00036-6
Nwozor, K. K., & Onuorah, L. O. (n.d.). GEOPRESSURE ANALYSIS AND RESERVOIR FLUID DISCRIMINATION IN A CENTRAL SWAMP FIELD, NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA. www.vurup.sk/petroleum-coal
Ogbamikhumi, A., Akanzua-Adamczyk, A., & Ahiwe, L. (2017). PRESSURE ANALYSIS AND FLUID CONTACT PREDICTION FOR ALPHA RESERVOIR (A PARTIALLY APPRAISED FIELD) ONSHORE NIGER DELTA. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 36(3), 801–805. https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.20
Oldenburg, C. M., & Benson, S. M. (2002, February 10). CO2 Injection for Enhanced Gas Production and Carbon Sequestration. All Days. https://doi.org/10.2118/74367-MS
Ouyang, L.-B. (2011). New Correlations for Predicting the Density and Viscosity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Under Conditions Expected in Carbon Capture and Sequestration Operations. The Open Petroleum Engineering Journal, 5(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874834101104010013
Perez, A. G., Coquelet, C., Paricaud, P., & Chapoy, A. (2017). Comparative study of vapour-liquid equilibrium and density modelling of mixtures related to carbon capture and storage with the SRK, PR, PC-SAFT and SAFT-VR Mie equations of state for industrial uses. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 440, 19–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2017.02.018
Polishuk, I., Wisniak, J., & Segura, H. (2001). Simultaneous prediction of the critical and sub-critical phase behavior in mixtures using equation of state I. Carbon dioxide-alkanols. Chemical Engineering Science, 56(23), 6485–6510. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(01)00307-4
Rabia, H. (1985). Oilwell drilling engineering : principles and practice. London ; Gaithersburg, MD, USA : Graham & Trotman, 1985 322 p.
Regan, M. L. M. (2010). A Numerical Investigation into the Potential to Enhance Natural Gas Recovery in Water-drive Gas Reservoirs through the Injection of CO2.
Soave, G. (1972). Equilibrium constants from a modified Redlich-Kwong equation of state. Chemical Engineering Science, 27(6), 1197–1203. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(72)80096-4
Umar, B. A., Gholami, R., Nayak, P., Shah, A. A., & Adamu, H. (2020). Regional and field assessments of potentials for geological storage of CO2: A case study of the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 77, 103195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2020.103195
Vega, B., & Kovscek, A. R. (2010). Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration in oil and gas reservoirs and use for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). In Developments and Innovation in Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Capture and Storage Technology (pp. 104–126). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845699581.1.104
Published
2025-03-18
How to Cite
engineering, J., & Amadi, U. (2025). Mathematical Models for predicting CO2 Density and Viscosity for Enhanced Gas Recovery and Carbon Sequestration. Journal of Engineering Research, 29(4), 85-97. Retrieved from http://jer.unilag.edu.ng/article/view/2424
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